Research Projects | Physical Geodesy and Space Geodetic Techniques
EXC-2123 QuantumFrontiers
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Differential Lunar Laser RangingLed by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2021Funding: Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC-2123 QuantumFrontiers (DFG), DLR-SIDuration: 2021 - 2022
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Relativistic investigations with LLR dataLed by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2019Funding: Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC-2123 QuantumFrontiers (DFG)Duration: 2019 - 2025
CRC 1464 (TerraQ)
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Terrestrial Clock Networks: Fundamental Physics and Applications (CRC 1464, C02)The continuous developments of optical clocks and the long-distance links via fibers, especially within TerraQ, will give access to terrestrial clock networks in practice, which will enable the novel measurement concept of chronometric levelling. From a theoretical perspective, this project will elaborate the rigorous relativistic formalism for clock-based geodesy and assess the effects of approximations in different scenarios. Furthermore, this project will figure out the most promising applications for clock networks in geodesy and fundamental physics.Led by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Müller, Prof. Dr. Claus LämmerzahlTeam:Year: 2021Funding: DFG
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Optical Clocks for Chronometric Levelling (CRC 1464, A04)We will realise the potential of chronometric levelling by demonstrating off-campus height measurements with the same or better resolution than geometric levelling and the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)/geoid approach can presently achieve, in joint campaigns with project A05. This demonstration will be strengthened by the application of our measurement capabilities to geodetic problems of high relevance through cooperation with the TerraQ projects employing gravimetric and GNSS techniques to e.g. monitor water storage and other mass changes (projects Terrestrial Clock Networks: Fundamental Physics and Applications (C02), Modelling of Mass Variations Down to Small Scales by Quantum Sensor Fusion (C05), and Atmosphere-Ocean Background Modelling for Terrestrial Gravimetry (C06)).Led by: PD Dr. Christian Lisdat, Prof. Dr. Piet O. Schmidt, Dr.-Ing. DenkerTeam:Year: 2021Funding: DFG
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Validation of Quantum Gravimeter QG-1 for Hydrology (CRC 1464, C01)For the groundwater management in central Europe, ground-based gravimetry provides a unique potential to monitor temporal variations in the subsurface water content for local areas. The atomic Quantum Gravimeter-1 (QG-1) of Leibniz Universität Hannover (LUH) is in its final phase of development (A01) and will be ready for geodetic and gravimetric applications latest in 2021. The QG-1 capability will be demonstrated indoor and also in a field application as an advanced absolute gravimeter allowing effectively the surveying of gravity variations due to groundwater changes on the uncertainty level of 10 nm/s².Led by: Dr.-Ing. Heiner Denker, Dr.-Ing. Ludger TimmenTeam:Year: 2021Funding: DFG
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Gravity Field Solution by Exploiting the Full Potential of GRACE Follow-On (SFB 1464, C04)The overall aim of this project is to take maximum advantage of the data of the GRACE and GRACE-FO missions and derive the best possible time-variable gravity field with monthly and daily solution. We anticipate an increased spatial resolution and a reduction of systematic errors due to improved background modelling and co-estimation of geophysical and instrumental parameters.Led by: Dr. Matthias Weigelt, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Torsten Mayer-GürrTeam:Year: 2021Funding: DFG
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Atmosphere-Ocean Background Modelling for Terrestrial Gravimetry (CRC 1464, C06)We will focus on the development of global background models of atmosphere and ocean dynamics that are applicable to gravity records taken anywhere at the Earth’s surface. The background models will be split into deformation effects that also consider the laterally heterogeneous rheology of the Earth’s crust, regional-to-global attraction effects of both atmospheric and oceanic mass variability along the strategy outlined by, and the local effects from the direct vicinity of the sensor that are most sensible to the local topographic roughness and that might benefit most from a possible augmentation with barometric observations taken around the gravity sensor.Led by: Dr. Henryk Dobslaw, Dr.-Ing. Ludger TimmenTeam:Year: 2021Funding: DFG
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Modelling of Mass Variations Down to Small Scales by Quantum Sensor Fusion (CRC 1464, C05)Observing the temporal variations of the Earth gravity field by satellite gravimetry, terrestrial gravimetry or loading time series via GNSS gives insight into the temporal and spatial changes in the distribution of water on various scales. The overall aim of this project is to develop models of regional time-variable gravity (or, equivalently, of total water storage variations) at uttermost high spatial and temporal resolution by the consistent integration of the various geodetic sensors. The project thus tackles one of the currently most pressing challenges in geodesy and its dependent geophysical applications.Led by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Annette Eicker, Prof. Dr. Andreas Günther, Dr. Matthias WeigeltTeam:Year: 2021Funding: DFG
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New Measurement Concepts with Laser Interferometers (CRC 1464, B01)We will study a new type of optical accelerometer (ACC) and gradiometer, advance Laser Ranging Interferometry (LRI) technology conceptually to enable new satellite constellations, and investigate observations of the angular line-of-sight velocity for gravity field recovery with simulations.Led by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Müller, Dr. Vitali MüllerTeam:Year: 2021Funding: DFGDuration: 2021-2024
Gravity Field and Geoid Modelling
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Modelling of Mass Variations Down to Small Scales by Quantum Sensor Fusion (CRC 1464, C05)Observing the temporal variations of the Earth gravity field by satellite gravimetry, terrestrial gravimetry or loading time series via GNSS gives insight into the temporal and spatial changes in the distribution of water on various scales. The overall aim of this project is to develop models of regional time-variable gravity (or, equivalently, of total water storage variations) at uttermost high spatial and temporal resolution by the consistent integration of the various geodetic sensors. The project thus tackles one of the currently most pressing challenges in geodesy and its dependent geophysical applications.Led by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Annette Eicker, Prof. Dr. Andreas Günther, Dr. Matthias WeigeltTeam:Year: 2021Funding: DFG
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Quantum-based acceleration measurement on geodesy satellites (Q-BAGS)Collaboration between the Observatoire de Paris Department Systèmes de référence temps-espace (SYRTE) and the Institute of Geodesy (IfE) of Leibniz Universität Hannover (LUH) embedded in the QUANTA research cooperation between Germany and France.Led by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2021Funding: BMWK / DLR e.V. (50WM2181)Duration: 10/2021 - 09/2024
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Regional gravity field modeling & relativistic geodesy (CRC 1128, C04)Led by: Dr.-Ing. Heiner DenkerTeam:Year: 2014Funding: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)Duration: 01.07.2014 – 30.06.2018
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The recovery of Earth’s global gravity field from GOCE observationsThe ESA’s GOCE (Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer) mission was the first to jointly apply SGG (satellite gravity gradiometry) and SST-hl (satellite-to-satellite high-low tracking) techniques to map the Earth’s gravity field. It delivered hundreds of millions of observations in four years’ lifetime, from 2009 to 2013. My Ph.D work is to recover a global gravity field model that is described by 62,997 spherical harmonic coefficients (up to degree/order 250) from the huge amount of GOCE observations.Led by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2011Funding: StipendiumDuration: 2011-2016
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GOCE-GRavitationsfeldANalyse Deutschland – GOCE-GRAND II WP220 – Regionales Validierungs- und KombinationsexperimentWithin the framework of the project, high-quality validated terrestrial gravity field data sets (in particular deflections of the vertical and gravity data) were generated in Germany and Europe for the external validation of GOCE products. These data were used for the validation of existing satellite gravity models on the one hand and for the calculation of corresponding combined quasigeoid solutions for Germany and Europe on the other hand.Led by: Dr.-Ing. Heiner Denker (WP220 - IfE)Team:Year: 2005Funding: Research and development programme GEOTECHNOLOGIEN, funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the German Research Foundation (DFG), Förderkennz. 03F0421DDuration: 01.09.2005 – 31.08.2008
Satellite Gravimetry
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New Measurement Concepts with Laser Interferometers (CRC 1464, B01)We will study a new type of optical accelerometer (ACC) and gradiometer, advance Laser Ranging Interferometry (LRI) technology conceptually to enable new satellite constellations, and investigate observations of the angular line-of-sight velocity for gravity field recovery with simulations.Led by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Müller, Dr. Vitali MüllerTeam:Year: 2021Funding: DFGDuration: 2021-2024
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Hybridization of Classic and Quantum Accelerometers for Future Satellite Gravity MissionsUsing cold atom interferometry (CAI) accelerometers in the next generation of satellite gravimetry missions can provide long-term stability and precise measurements of the non-gravitational forces acting on the satellites. This allows for a reduction of systematic effects in current GRACE-FO gravity field solutions. In this project, we first aim to investigate the hybridization of quantum CAI-based and classical accelerometers for a GRACE-like mission and we discusse the performance improvement through dedicated simulations. Then we investigate different orbital configurations and mission concepts to find the optimal setting for future satellite gravimetry missions.Led by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. MüllerTeam:Year: 2020
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System studies for an optical gradiometer mission (CRC 1128, B07)Led by: Dr. Gerhard Heinzel, Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2014Funding: DFG
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GOCE-GRavitationsfeldANalyse Deutschland – GOCE-GRAND AP6 – Bestimmung äußerer Eichfaktoren und Validierung der ErgebnisseThe project investigated methods for calibration and validation of GOCE results with external gravity field data.Led by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reiner RummelTeam:Year: 2002Funding: Research and development programme GEOTECHNOLOGIEN, funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the German Research Foundation (DFG)Duration: 01.01.2002 – 31.12.2004
Relativistic Geodesy
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Terrestrial Clock Networks: Fundamental Physics and Applications (CRC 1464, C02)The continuous developments of optical clocks and the long-distance links via fibers, especially within TerraQ, will give access to terrestrial clock networks in practice, which will enable the novel measurement concept of chronometric levelling. From a theoretical perspective, this project will elaborate the rigorous relativistic formalism for clock-based geodesy and assess the effects of approximations in different scenarios. Furthermore, this project will figure out the most promising applications for clock networks in geodesy and fundamental physics.Led by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Müller, Prof. Dr. Claus LämmerzahlTeam:Year: 2021Funding: DFG
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Differential Lunar Laser RangingLed by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2021Funding: Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC-2123 QuantumFrontiers (DFG), DLR-SIDuration: 2021 - 2022
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Improved modelling of the Earth-Moon systemLed by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2020Funding: DLR-SIDuration: 2019 - 2022
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Chronometrisches NivellementLed by: Dr.-Ing. Heiner DenkerTeam:Year: 2019Funding: verschiedene Landes- und Drittmittel sowie separate ProjekteDuration: seit 2010
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High-performance clock networks and their application in geodesyThe rapid development of optical clocks and frequency transfer techniques provides the opportunity to compare clocks’ frequencies at the uncertainty level of 10-18. This will enable relativistic geodesy with the aimed accuracy of cm in terms of height. Clock networks are thus highly relevant to various geodetic applications, such as the realization of a height reference system and the determination of regional/global gravity fields. In this project, we aim to investigate the potential of high-performance clock networks and quantify their contributions to specific applications through dedicated simulations.Led by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2019Funding: Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC-2123 “QuantumFrontiers” (DFG)
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Relativistic investigations with LLR dataLed by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2019Funding: Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC-2123 QuantumFrontiers (DFG)Duration: 2019 - 2025
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Transportable optical clock for relativistic geodesy (CRC 1128/2, A03)Led by: Priv.-Doz. Dr. Christian Lisdat, Prof. Dr. Piet O. Schmidt, Dr.-Ing. Heiner DenkerTeam:Year: 2018Funding: German Research Foundation (DFG)Duration: 01.07.2018 – 30.06.2019
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Clock network modeling (CRC 1128, C03)Led by: Prof. Dr. Jürgen Müller, Prof. Dr. Claus LämmerzahlTeam:Year: 2014Funding: DFG
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Relativistic effects in satellite constellations (CRC 1128, C02)Led by: Dr.-Ing. habil. Enrico Mai, Dr. Eva Hackmann (ZARM), Prof. Dr. Claus Lämmerzahl (ZARM)Team:Year: 2014Funding: DFG
Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR)
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Differential Lunar Laser RangingLed by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2021Funding: Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC-2123 QuantumFrontiers (DFG), DLR-SIDuration: 2021 - 2022
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Improved modelling of the Earth-Moon systemLed by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2020Funding: DLR-SIDuration: 2019 - 2022
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LLR contribution to reference frames and Earth orientation parametersLed by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2019Funding: Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC-2123 QuantumFrontiers (DFG), DLR-SIDuration: 2019 - 2025
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Relativistic investigations with LLR dataLed by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2019Funding: Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC-2123 QuantumFrontiers (DFG)Duration: 2019 - 2025
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Lunar Reference SystemsLed by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2014Funding: DFG - FOR 1503Duration: 2014-2019
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Barycentric EphemerisBarycentric EphemerisLed by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2012Funding: DFG FOR1503 Reference Systems
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Lunar Laser Ranging: Konsistente Modellierung für geodätische und wissenschaftliche AnwendungenLed by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2006Funding: DFG
Terrestrial Gravimetry
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Optical Clocks for Chronometric Levelling (CRC 1464, A04)We will realise the potential of chronometric levelling by demonstrating off-campus height measurements with the same or better resolution than geometric levelling and the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)/geoid approach can presently achieve, in joint campaigns with project A05. This demonstration will be strengthened by the application of our measurement capabilities to geodetic problems of high relevance through cooperation with the TerraQ projects employing gravimetric and GNSS techniques to e.g. monitor water storage and other mass changes (projects Terrestrial Clock Networks: Fundamental Physics and Applications (C02), Modelling of Mass Variations Down to Small Scales by Quantum Sensor Fusion (C05), and Atmosphere-Ocean Background Modelling for Terrestrial Gravimetry (C06)).Led by: PD Dr. Christian Lisdat, Prof. Dr. Piet O. Schmidt, Dr.-Ing. DenkerTeam:Year: 2021Funding: DFG
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Validation of Quantum Gravimeter QG-1 for Hydrology (CRC 1464, C01)For the groundwater management in central Europe, ground-based gravimetry provides a unique potential to monitor temporal variations in the subsurface water content for local areas. The atomic Quantum Gravimeter-1 (QG-1) of Leibniz Universität Hannover (LUH) is in its final phase of development (A01) and will be ready for geodetic and gravimetric applications latest in 2021. The QG-1 capability will be demonstrated indoor and also in a field application as an advanced absolute gravimeter allowing effectively the surveying of gravity variations due to groundwater changes on the uncertainty level of 10 nm/s².Led by: Dr.-Ing. Heiner Denker, Dr.-Ing. Ludger TimmenTeam:Year: 2021Funding: DFG
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Atmosphere-Ocean Background Modelling for Terrestrial Gravimetry (CRC 1464, C06)We will focus on the development of global background models of atmosphere and ocean dynamics that are applicable to gravity records taken anywhere at the Earth’s surface. The background models will be split into deformation effects that also consider the laterally heterogeneous rheology of the Earth’s crust, regional-to-global attraction effects of both atmospheric and oceanic mass variability along the strategy outlined by, and the local effects from the direct vicinity of the sensor that are most sensible to the local topographic roughness and that might benefit most from a possible augmentation with barometric observations taken around the gravity sensor.Led by: Dr. Henryk Dobslaw, Dr.-Ing. Ludger TimmenTeam:Year: 2021Funding: DFG
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Gravimetric Tides and Gravity Currents in the North SeaThe research group is investigating the gravity and deformation (tilt) effect caused by time variations of the mass distribution in the atmosphere and in the sea. It has to be distinguished between the direct Newtonian attraction effects and indirect loading effects. The latter part is accompanied by a vertical shift and a tilt of the sea floor as well as the land surface, especially along the coast or on islands, because of the elasticity of the solid Earth’s crust. Such a vertical ground displacement is associated with an absolute height change of the gravimeter w.r.t. the geocenter. The combined observation of gravity and tilt changes allows the separation of signals due to attraction and load deformation.Led by: Dr.-Ing. Ludger Timmen, Dr. Adelheid WeiseTeam:Year: 2018Funding: IfE, Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC-2123 “QuantumFrontiers”Duration: 2018-2021
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Gravimetry at Zugspitze and Wank Mountains (Bavarian Alps, Germany)The geodetic monitoring of variations caused by Alpine orogency and the diminishing permafrost are undertaken with gravimetric as well as geometric techniques. In addition to IfE (absolute and relative gravimetry, levelling), the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities (GNSS, levelling, relative gravimetry), the Institute of Astronomical and Physical Geodesy - Technical University of Munich (relative gravimetry) and the Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences (superconducting gravimetry, GNSS permanent geodynamic observatory on the Zugspitze) are involved in the cooperation.Led by: Dr.-Ing. Ludger TimmenYear: 2018Funding: IFE, Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC-2123 “QuantumFrontiers”, GFZ Potsdam, TU München, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
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Gravimetric reference network for a 10m atom interferometerThe Very Long Baseline Atom Interferometer (VLBAI) at the Hannover Institute for Technology (HITec) is a physics instrument in which experiments on the interferometry of atoms can be carried out over a free-fall distance of about 10m. These experiments are mainly used for fundamental physics, but gravimetric measurements can also be performed. Due to the large fall distance and the resulting long fall time of the atoms, a future accuracy in the range of 1 nm/s² is anticipated. With classical transportable absolute gravimeters, however, some tens nm/s² are achieved. The VLBAI could therefore be a reference for classical gravimeters. For these experiments and for the evaluation of the error budget, however, knowledge of the local gravitational field is necessary. This will be determined in parallel to the installation of the large-scale instrument and further on by gravimetric measurements and forward modelling.Led by: Dr.-Ing. Manuel Schilling, Dr.-Ing. Ludger TimmenTeam:Year: 2017Funding: IfE, SFB-1128, EXC-2123 "QuantumFrontiers"Duration: 2017-2025© M. Schilling
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Establishing an Advanced Mexican Gravity Standardization BaseThis joint research project serves for following main scientific objectives: a) supporting the realization of a state of the art national gravity standard in Mexico fulfilling highest accuracy demands in metrology, b) supporting the establishment of a base for a national reference frame for geo-scientific purposes, c) supporting the improvement of a global gravity potential field model for fundamental research in earth scienceLed by: Dr.-Ing. Ludger TimmenTeam:Year: 2016Funding: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig
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Traceability of the FG5X-220 to the SI unitsThe Micro-g LaCoste FG5 is a free-fall gravimeter with a laser interferometer in Mach-Zehnder configuration which uses simultaneous time and distance measurements to calculate the absolute value of g. The instrument itself contains the necessary standards, a rubidium oscillator and a He-Ne Laser, and operates independent of external references. These internal standards need regular comparisons.Led by: Dr.-Ing. Ludger TimmenTeam:Year: 2012© IfE / M. Schilling
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A mobile absolute gravimeter based on atom interferometry for highly accurate point observationsAtom interferometers have demonstrated a high sensitivity to inertial forces. The Gravimetric Atom Interferometer (GAIN), developed at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, is a mobile atom interferometer based on interfering ensembles of laser-cooled Rb-87 atoms in an atomic fountain configuration. In the continued development state-of-the-art superconductiong gravimeters and laser-interferometer based absolute gravimeters are used for comparisons with and the characterization of GAIN.Led by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2012Funding: DFG© IFE / M. Schilling
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Absolute gravimetry in DenmarkLed by: Dr.-Ing. Ludger TimmenTeam:Year: 2003
CRC 1128 (geo-Q)
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Transportable optical clock for relativistic geodesy (CRC 1128/2, A03)Led by: Priv.-Doz. Dr. Christian Lisdat, Prof. Dr. Piet O. Schmidt, Dr.-Ing. Heiner DenkerTeam:Year: 2018Funding: German Research Foundation (DFG)Duration: 01.07.2018 – 30.06.2019
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Gravimetric reference network for a 10m atom interferometerThe Very Long Baseline Atom Interferometer (VLBAI) at the Hannover Institute for Technology (HITec) is a physics instrument in which experiments on the interferometry of atoms can be carried out over a free-fall distance of about 10m. These experiments are mainly used for fundamental physics, but gravimetric measurements can also be performed. Due to the large fall distance and the resulting long fall time of the atoms, a future accuracy in the range of 1 nm/s² is anticipated. With classical transportable absolute gravimeters, however, some tens nm/s² are achieved. The VLBAI could therefore be a reference for classical gravimeters. For these experiments and for the evaluation of the error budget, however, knowledge of the local gravitational field is necessary. This will be determined in parallel to the installation of the large-scale instrument and further on by gravimetric measurements and forward modelling.Led by: Dr.-Ing. Manuel Schilling, Dr.-Ing. Ludger TimmenTeam:Year: 2017Funding: IfE, SFB-1128, EXC-2123 "QuantumFrontiers"Duration: 2017-2025© M. Schilling
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Clock network modeling (CRC 1128, C03)Led by: Prof. Dr. Jürgen Müller, Prof. Dr. Claus LämmerzahlTeam:Year: 2014Funding: DFG
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Relativistic effects in satellite constellations (CRC 1128, C02)Led by: Dr.-Ing. habil. Enrico Mai, Dr. Eva Hackmann (ZARM), Prof. Dr. Claus Lämmerzahl (ZARM)Team:Year: 2014Funding: DFG
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Regional gravity field modeling & relativistic geodesy (CRC 1128, C04)Led by: Dr.-Ing. Heiner DenkerTeam:Year: 2014Funding: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)Duration: 01.07.2014 – 30.06.2018
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Modeling of mass variations down to small scales (CRC 1128, C05)Led by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2014Funding: DFG
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System studies for an optical gradiometer mission (CRC 1128, B07)Led by: Dr. Gerhard Heinzel, Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2014Funding: DFG
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Transportable quantum gravimeter (CRC 1128, A01)Led by: Prof. Dr. Jürgen Müller, Prof. Dr. Ernst M. RaselTeam:Year: 2014Funding: DFG
QUEST
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Potential Field Determination and high precise OscillatorsDetermination of the Earth's Gravity Field using high precise OscillatorsLed by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Jürgen MüllerTeam:Year: 2011Funding: QUEST (Quantum Engineering and Space Time Research)